In the field, with limited painting time, I deconstruct all prominent shapes into three value-colors. A tree shape for instance will have a background (dark interior color), middle ground (general local color) and foreground (sun catching highlight color). These three value-colors are individually mixed on my palette and not gradated by adding either white or black. 
The values of these colors might be very close to each other (low contrast) in overcast, cloudy, foggy, sundown lighting or far apart (high contrast) in bright sunlight. The color of each value is based on temperature (warm or cool). Tree shapes in the background will be cooler because there’s more atmosphere between you and it as apposed to a tree right in front of you. With any one tree the sunny side will be warmer than the shady side.
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